纽约大学印度裔教授艾宁德亚·高斯接受香港商报独家专访视频

 

　　印度追赶上中国要花很多年

 

　　日前，纽约大学印度裔教授艾宁德亚·高斯在深圳高等金融研究院首期《深高金大讲堂》正式演讲前接受了香港商报记者齐晓彤的独家专访，宁德亚·高斯对全球移动经济发展现状进行了深入研究。作为纽约大学 Stern商学院最年轻的教授，2014年，《商业周刊》的Poet & Quants将他列入“40名不到40岁的教授”名单。2017年，全球最具影响力“50大商业思想家”（Thinkers50）榜单将他列为最有可能影响未来组织管理和领导的30大管理思想家之一。

 

　　Hong Kong Commerical Daily(HKCD)：How many times have you been to India in last ten years？

 

　　香港商报：过去十年您回过多少次印度？

 

　　Anindya Ghose：I go about three times or four times a year. So about maybe 30 or 40 times in last ten years. I think I have been to China more than to India.

 

　　艾宁德亚·高斯：每年大概三到四次，这样近十年应该回去过30到40次，不过我来中国的次数更多。

 

　　HKCD：When do you think India can overtake China as America’s most important partner in the future?

 

　　香港商报：你认为印度将来何时可以超越中国、成为美国最重要的伙伴？

 

　　Anindya Ghose：I don’t see that happen any time soon. Because you know China’s economy is much more bigger and much more influential than any other economy in the world other than the United States. So I realize that there’re some reasons is built happening. But those are temporary frictions and they will go away. So the comparison between the Chinese economy and the India economy is not existent, because you know the Chinese economy is much more bigger and influential than the Indian economy. But you know the Indian economy is a big emerging market. So there are lots of opportunities there. So I think in the next five to ten years, both India and China will make rapid progress. And the Chinese economy is already ahead of the Indian economy in many years. So I think I will take many years for India to catch up.

 

　　艾宁德亚·高斯：不会很快的。因为你知道，中国的经济比世界上除美国以外的其他任何经济体都要大得多，影响力也大得多。所以我意识到这是有原因的。但这些都是暂时的摩擦，它们会消失的。所以中国经济和印度经济之间的比较是不存在的，因为你知道中国经济比印度经济更大，更有影响力。但你知道印度经济是一个巨大的新兴市场。所以那里有很多机会。因此，我认为在未来五到十年内，印度和中国都将取得迅速的进展。多年来，中国经济已经领先于印度经济。所以我想印度要花很多年的时间才能赶上。

 

　　HKCD：Where is the boundary of protecting data privacy?

 

　　香港商报：保障资料私隐的界限在哪里？

 

　　Anindya Ghose：So you know the data privacy is a very interesting question because lots of my research in the last 10 to 15 years has been in this area. And what I’m seeing is that increasingly the new generation, the Millennials, the Gen-Zs,, they are increasingly willing to give up their data in return for some benefits. For example in China, 28% of consumers are willing to give up their data for benefits. In the U.S., is 25%. The U.S. ranks the seventh in the world in terms of how much consumers are willing to give up their data for benefits. So I think the boundaries are very important. You know the companies have to act like the butler, the concierge of a hotel, not like a stalker. You know, the stalker is somebody always stalking you. And I think the vast majority of companies are very very careful with how they protect our data. They invest, you know billions of dollars of resources keeping our data safe. This is something that the new generation of consumers believes and sees. So I think you see more and more of this market concept happening where consumers will be able to share their data for some direct monetary benefits.

 

　　艾宁德亚·高斯：您知道，数据隐私是一个非常有趣的问题，因为我在过去10到15年中的许多研究都是在这个领域进行的。我看到的是，越来越多的新一代，千禧一代，新一代，他们越来越愿意放弃他们的数据来换取一些好处。例如，在中国，28%的消费者愿意为了利益而放弃他们的数据。在美国是25%。美国是世界上第七大消费者愿意为了利益而放弃他们的数据的国家。所以我认为边界是非常重要的。你知道，公司的行为必须像管家，酒店的门房，而不是跟踪者。你知道，跟踪你的人总是跟踪你。我认为绝大多数公司都非常谨慎地保护我们的数据。他们的投资，你知道，数十亿美元的资源，以确保我们的数据安全。这是新一代消费者所相信和看到的。因此，我认为你会看到越来越多的市场概念发生，消费者将能够分享他们的数据，一些直接的金钱利益。

 

　　HKCD：When do you think India will show up like Alibaba, Baidu and Tencent?

 

　　香港商报：你认为印度什么时候才能出现像阿里巴巴、百度、腾讯这样的企业？

 

　　Anindya Ghose：Never (laugh).

 

　　艾宁德亚·高斯：永远都不会。

 

　　HKCD：Why?

 

　　香港商报：为什么

 

　　Anindya Ghose：Look ，India had Flipkart but Flipkart got acquired by Walmart. So I think you know there are some home-grown companies like Ola. Ola company is the Uber in India. And there is PayTM. I think Ola and PayTM. have the potential to become big companies but right now they are still very India-focused, they are not global companies. So I think I don’t know whether there is a time appear when Ola and PayTM. can become truly global like Facebook or Google or Amazon. I’m much more optimistic about the possibilities of DiDi or Alibaba or Xiaomi or for example Huawei. They can become more global. I think from that prospective, Indian companies are lagging behind several years, maybe a decade.

 

　　艾宁德亚·高斯：印度有Flipkart，但是Flipkart被沃尔玛收购了。你可能知道有一些像欧拉这样的本土公司。OLA公司是印度的Uber。还有PayTM。我认为，Ola和PayTM有可能成为大公司，但目前它们仍非常专注印度，不是全球性公司。因此，我想我不知道是否有一天，Ola和PayTM能够像Facebook、谷歌或亚马逊那样真正走向全球。我对滴滴、阿里巴巴、小米或华为等公司的可能性要乐观得多，它们能变得更加全球化。我认为从这个角度来看，印度公司落后了几年，也许是十年。